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Pronunciation ⬇

diphenoxylate/atropine: dye-fen-OX-i-late/A-troe-peen

difenoxin/atropine : dye-fen-OX-in/A-troe-peen

Classifications ⬆ ⬇

Therapeutic Classification: antidiarrheals

Pharmacologic Classification: anticholinergics

Indications ⬆ ⬇

REMS


Action ⬆ ⬇

  • Inhibits excess GI motility.
  • Structurally related to opioid analgesics but has no analgesic properties.
  • Atropine added to discourage abuse.
Therapeutic effects:
  • Decreased GI motility with subsequent decrease in diarrhea.

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Absorption: Well absorbed from the GI tract.

Distribution: Enters breast milk.

Metabolism/Excretion: Diphenoxylate: Mostly metabolized by the liver with some conversion to an active antidiarrheal compound (difenoxin). Difenoxin: Metabolized by the liver. Minimal excretion in urine.

Half-Life: Diphenoxylate: 2.5 hr; difenoxin: 4.5 hr.

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

(antidiarrheal action)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
Difenoxin-PO45–60 min2 hr3–4 hr
Diphenoxylate-PO45–60 min2 hr3–4 hr

Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

CV: tachycardia

Derm: flushing

EENT: blurred vision, dry eyes

GI: constipation, dry mouth, epigastric distress, ileus, nausea, vomiting

GU: urinary retention

Neuro: dizziness, confusion, drowsiness, headache, insomnia, nervousness

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Drug-drug:

Drug-Natural Products:

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

Difenoxin/Atropine

Diphenoxylate/Atropine

Availability ⬆ ⬇

Difenoxin/Atropine

Diphenoxylate/Atropine

(Generic available)

Assessment ⬆ ⬇

Lab Test Considerations:

Implementation ⬆ ⬇

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes ⬆ ⬇

US Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

diphenoxylate/atropine: Lomotil,

difenoxin/atropine : Motofen

Contr. Subst. Schedule ⬆ ⬇

Schedule V (C-V)diphenoxylate/atropine
Schedule IV (C-IV)difenoxin/atropine

Code ⬆

NDC Code