Therapeutic Classification: bronchodilators
Pharmacologic Classification: adrenergics
Absorption: Some absorption occurs following inhalation.
Distribution: Unknown.
Metabolism/Excretion: Metabolized in the liver to an inactive sulfate; 3–6% excreted unchanged in the urine.
Half-Life: 3.3–4 hr.
Contraindicated in:
- Hypersensitivity to levalbuterol or albuterol.
Use Cautiously in:
- Cardiovascular disorders (including coronary insufficiency, hypertension, and arrhythmias);
- History of seizures;
- Hypokalemia;
- Hyperthyroidism;
- Diabetes mellitus;
- Unusual sensitivity to adrenergic amines;
- OB: Safety not established in pregnancy;
- Lactation: Use while breastfeeding only if potential maternal benefit justifies potential risk to infant;
- Pedi: Safety and effectiveness not established in children <6 yr (nebulized solution) or <4 yr (metered-dose inhaler).
Exercise Extreme Caution in:
- Concurrent use or use within 2 wk of tricyclic antidepressants or MAO inhibitors may ↑ risk of adverse cardiovascular reactions.
