section name header

Pronunciation

za-LEP-lon

Classifications

Therapeutic Classification: sedative/hypnotics

Indications

BEERS REMS


Action

  • Produces CNS depression by binding to GABA receptors in the CNS.
  • Has no analgesic properties.
Therapeutic effects:
  • Induction of sleep.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Rapidly absorbed following oral administration.

Distribution: Well distributed to tissues.

Metabolism/Excretion: Extensively metabolized in the liver (mostly by aldehyde oxidase and some by the CYP3A4 isoenzyme).

Half-Life: 1 hr.

Time/Action Profile

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
POwithin minunknown3–4 hr



Contraind./Precautions

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects

CV: peripheral edema

Derm: photosensitivity

EENT: abnormal vision, altered sense of smell, ear pain, epistaxis, hearing sensitivity, ocular pain

GI: abdominal pain, anorexia, colitis, dyspepsia, nausea

GU: dysmenorrhea

Neuro: abnormal thinking, amnesia, anxiety, behavior changes, COMPLEX SLEEP BEHAVIORS (INCLUDING SLEEP DRIVING, SLEEP WALKING, OR ENGAGING IN OTHER ACTIVITIES WHILE SLEEPING), depersonalization, dizziness, drowsiness, hallucinations, headache, hyperesthesia, impaired memory (briefly following dose), impaired psychomotor function (briefly following dose), malaise, nightmares, paresthesia, tremor, vertigo, weakness

Misc: fever

Interactions

Drug-drug:

Drug-Natural Products:

Route/Dosage

Hepatic Impairment

Availability

(Generic available)

Assessment

Implementation

Patient/Family Teaching

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes

US Brand Names

Sonata

Contr. Subst. Schedule

Schedule IV (C-IV)

Code

NDC Code