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Pronunciation ⬇

sye-kloe-FOS-fa-mide

Classifications ⬆ ⬇

Therapeutic Classification: antineoplastics, Immunosuppressant agents

Pharmacologic Classification: alkylating agents

Indications ⬆ ⬇

High Alert


Unlabeled Use:

Action ⬆ ⬇

  • Interferes with DNA replication and RNA transcription, ultimately disrupting protein synthesis (cell-cycle phase-nonspecific).
Therapeutic effects:
  • Death of rapidly replicating cells, particularly malignant ones.
  • Also has immunosuppressant action in smaller doses.

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Absorption: Inactive parent drug is well absorbed from the GI tract. IV administration results in complete bioavailability.

Distribution: Widely distributed. Limited penetration of the blood-brain barrier.

Metabolism/Excretion: Converted to active drug by the liver; 30% eliminated unchanged by the kidneys.

Half-Life: 4–6.5 hr.

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

(effects on blood counts)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
PO, IV7 days7–15 days21 days

Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

CV: hypotension, MYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS

Derm: alopecia

Endo: gonadal suppression, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)

GI: anorexia, nausea, vomiting

GU: hematuria, ↓fertility, HEMORRHAGIC CYSTITIS

Hemat: thrombocytopenia, anemia, LEUKOPENIA

Metab: hyperuricemia

Resp: PULMONARY FIBROSIS

Misc: SECONDARY MALIGNANCY

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Drug-drug:

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

Availability ⬆ ⬇

(Generic available)

Assessment ⬆ ⬇

Lab Test Considerations:

Implementation ⬆ ⬇

IV Administration:

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes ⬆ ⬇

US Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

Cytoxan

Canadian Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

Procytox

Code ⬆

NDC Code