section name header

Pronunciation ⬇

sip-roe-FLOX-a-sin

Classifications ⬆ ⬇

Therapeutic Classification: anti-infectives

Pharmacologic Classification: Fluoroquinolones

Indications ⬆ ⬇

REMS


Action ⬆ ⬇

  • Inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis by inhibiting DNA gyrase enzyme.
Therapeutic effects:
  • Death of susceptible bacteria.

Spectrum:

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Absorption: 70% absorbed after oral administration; IV administration results in complete bioavailability.

Distribution: Widely distributed to tissues.

Metabolism/Excretion: 15% metabolized by the liver; 40–50% excreted unchanged by the kidneys.

Half-Life: 4 hr.

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

(plasma concentrations)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
POrapid1–2 hr12 hr
IVrapidend of infusion12 hr

Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

CV: AORTIC ANEURYSM/DISSECTION, myocardial ischemia

Derm: photosensitivity, rash

Endo: hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia

GI: diarrhea, nausea, ↑liver enzymes , abdominal pain, CLOSTRIDIOIDES DIFFICILE-ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA (CDAD), HEPATOTOXICITY

GU: vaginitis

Hemat: eosinophilia

Local: phlebitis at IV site

MS: arthralgia, myalgia, tendinitis, tendon rupture

Neuro: ↑INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE (INCLUDING PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI), agitation, anxiety, attention disturbances, confusion, delirium, depression, disorientation, dizziness, drowsiness, hallucinations, headache, insomnia, memory impairment, nightmares, paranoia, peripheral neuropathy, SEIZURES, SUICIDAL THOUGHTS/BEHAVIORS, toxic psychosis, tremor

Misc: HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS (INCLUDING ANAPHYLAXIS)

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Drug-drug:

Drug-Natural Products:

Drug-Food:

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

Skin/Skin Structure Infections

Bone and Joint Infections

Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections

Infectious Diarrhea

Typhoid Fever

Uncomplicated Urethral and Cervical Gonorrhea

Inhalational Anthrax (Postexposure)

Plague

Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Nosocomial Pneumonia

Febrile Neutropenia

Urinary Tract Infections

Acute Bacterial Sinusitis

Renal Impairment

Renal Impairment

Availability ⬆ ⬇

(Generic available)

Assessment ⬆ ⬇

Lab Test Considerations:

Implementation ⬆ ⬇

IV Administration:

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes ⬆ ⬇

US Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

Cipro

Code ⬆

NDC Code