Mother age 35 or older at estimated date of delivery

Fetal anomalies detected via ultrasonography

Abnormal first trimester serum/nuchal translucency screening

Abnormal triple/quad screening or abnormal α-fetoprotein test results

Parental exposure to teratogens (includes certain drugs, radiation)

Family history of genetic disease (includes chromosome, single gene, and multifactorial disorders)

Personal or family history of birth defects or mental retardation

Certain parental medical conditions (eg, cancer, congenital heart disease)

Membership in ethnic group in which certain genetic disorders are frequent when appropriate screening for or prenatal diagnosis of the disease is available (eg, sickle cell anemia, Tay-Sachs disease, Canavan disease, thalassemia)

Consanguinity

Infertility

Recurrent pregnancy loss

Stillbirth or neonatal death

Infant, child, or adult with dysmorphic features, developmental and/or growth delay, ambiguous genitalia, or abnormal sexual development