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Indications

REMS

Contraind./Precautions

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects

Derm: acne, hives, rash, STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME, unusual sweating.

Endo: changes in menstrual cycle.

F and E: polydipsia.

GI: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, ↑ liver enzymes, abdominal pain, anorexia, hyperbilirubinemia.

GU: crystalluria, hematuria, RENAL FAILURE, renal pain.

Hemat: THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA/HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME (HIGH DOSES IN IMMUNOSUPPRESSED PATIENTS).

Local: pain, phlebitis, local irritation.

MS: joint pain.

Neuro: dizziness, headache, hallucinations, SEIZURES, trembling.

Interactions

Drug-Drug:

Availability

(Generic available)

Route/Dosage

see Calculator

Initial Genital Herpes

Chronic Suppressive Therapy for Recurrent Genital Herpes

Intermittent Therapy for Recurrent Genital Herpes

Acute Treatment of Herpes Zoster in Immunosuppressed Patients

Herpes Zoster in Immunocompetent Patients

Chickenpox

Mucosal and Cutaneous Herpes Simplex Infections in Immunosuppressed Patients

Herpes Simplex Encephalitis

Neonatal Herpes Simplex Infections

Varicella Zoster Infections in Immunosuppressed Patients

Renal Impairment

  • PO, IV (Adults and Children >3 mo): CCr 25.1–50 mL/min/1.73 m2: Normal dose every 12 hr; CCr 10.1–25 mL/min/1.73 m2: Normal dose every 24 hr; CCr ≤10 mL/min/1.73 m2: 50% of dose every 24 hr.

Herpes Labialis

US Brand Names

Sitavig, Zovirax

Action

Therapeutic Effects:

Classifications

Therapeutic Classification: antivirals

Pharmacologic Classification: purine analogues

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Despite poor absorption (15–30%), therapeutic plasma concentrations are achieved.

Distribution: Widely distributed. CSF concentrations are 50% of plasma.

Metabolism/Excretion: >90% eliminated unchanged by kidneys; remainder metabolized by liver.

Half-life: Neonates: 4 hr; Children (1–12 yr): 2–3 hr; Adults: 2–3.5 hr (↑ in renal failure).

Time/Action Profile

(plasma concentrations)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
POunknown1.5–2.5 hr4 hr
IVpromptend of infusion8 hr
Buccalunknown12 hr (7 hr†)unknown

† Salivary concentrations

Patient/Family Teaching

Pronunciation

ay-SYE-kloe-veer audio

Code

NDC Code*