Contraindicated in:
- Hypersensitivity
- Hypersensitivity to sulfonamides (cross-sensitivity may occur)
- Type 1 diabetes
- Diabetic coma or ketoacidosis
- Uncontrolled infection, serious burns, or trauma.
Use Cautiously in:
- Severe cardiovascular or hepatic disease
- Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (↑ risk of hemolytic anemia)
- Severe renal impairment (↑ risk of hypoglycemia)
- Infection, stress, or changes in diet may alter requirements for control of blood sugar
- Impaired thyroid, pituitary, or adrenal function
- Malnutrition, high fever, prolonged nausea, or vomiting
- OB: Crosses the placenta and ↑ risk of neonatal hypoglycemia; should be discontinued
2 wk before delivery; insulin recommended during pregnancy - Lactation: May ↑ risk of hypoglycemia in infant; use while breastfeeding only if maternal benefit justifies potential risk to infant
- Pedi: Not recommended for use in children because ↑ weight and risk of hypoglycemia
- Geri: Appears on Beers list. ↑ risk of prolonged hypoglycemia in older adults. Avoid use as first- or second-line monotherapy or as add-on treatment in older adults unless there are significant barriers to the use of safer and more effective agents. If a sulfonylurea must be used, glipizide is preferred.