dicloxacillin

REMS

Treatment of the following infections due to penicillinase-producing staphylococci:
- Respiratory tract infections,
- Sinusitis,
- Osteomyelitis,
- Skin and skin structure infections.

Contraindicated in:

Previous hypersensitivity to penicillins (cross-sensitivity exists with cephalosporins and other beta-lactam antibiotics).

Use Cautiously in:

Severe renal impairment.
Severe hepatic impairment.

GI: diarrhea, epigastric distress, nausea, vomiting, ↑liver enzymes, CLOSTRIDIOIDES DIFFICILE-ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA (CDAD)

GU: interstitial nephritis

Hemat: eosinophilia, leukopenia

Neuro: SEIZURES

Misc: HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS (INCLUDING ANAPHYLAXIS AND SERUM SICKNESS), anaphylaxis and serum sickness), superinfection

Drug-drug:

May ↓ effectiveness of oral contraceptives .
Probenecid may ↑ levels (therapy may be combined for this purpose).
May ↑ levels and risk of toxicity of methotrexate.

(Generic available)

Capsules: 250 mg; 500 mg

PO (Adults and Children ≥40 kg): 125–250 mg every 6 hr (up to 2 g/day).
PO (Children <40 kg): 25–50 mg/kg/day divided every 6 hr; (up to 50–100 mg/kg/day divided every 6 hr has been used for osteomyelitis) (up to 2 g/day).

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. Not inactivated by penicillinase enzymes.

Therapeutic effects:

Bactericidal action.

Spectrum:

Active against most gram-positive aerobic cocci.
Spectrum is notable for activity against:
- Penicillinase-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus,
- Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Not active against methicillin-resistant bacteria.

Therapeutic Classification: anti-infectives

Pharmacologic Classification: penicillinase resistant penicillins

Absorption: Rapidly but incompletely (35–76%) absorbed from the GI tract.

Distribution: Widely distributed; penetration into CSF is minimal but sufficient in the presence of inflamed meninges.

Protein Binding: 96–98%.

Metabolism/Excretion: Some metabolism by the liver (6–10%) and some renal excretion of unchanged drug (60%); small amounts eliminated in the feces via the bile.

Half-Life: 0.5–1 hr (↑ in severe hepatic and renal impairment).

(plasma concentrations)

ROUTE	ONSET	PEAK	DURATION
PO	30 min	30–120 min	6 hr

Explain the purpose and side effects of dicloxacillin. Instruct patient to take medication around the clock and to finish the drug completely as directed, even if feeling better. Missed doses should be taken as soon as remembered. Advise patient that sharing of this medication may be dangerous.
Instruct patient to notify health care provider if symptoms do not improve.
Advise patients and family to call 911 and seek urgent treatment for signs/symptoms of hypersensitivity reactions.
Advise patient to report signs of superinfection (black, furry overgrowth on the tongue; vaginal itching or discharge; loose or foul-smelling stools) and allergy.
Instruct patient to notify health care professional if fever and diarrhea develop, especially if stool contains blood, pus, or mucus. Advise patient not to treat diarrhea without consulting health care professional.
Patient with an allergy to penicillin should be instructed to always carry an identification card with this information.
Advise patient to notify health care provider of all Rx or OTC medications, vitamins, or herbal products being taken and to consult with health care provider before taking other medications, especially probenecid.
Rep: Advise women of reproductive potential to notify health care provider if pregnancy is planned or suspected or if breastfeeding. Advise patient taking oral contraceptives to use an additional nonhormonal method of contraception during therapy and until next menstrual period.

NDC Code

0093- Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.
- 0093-3123- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 0093-3123-01- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (0093-3123-01)

0093- Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.
- 0093-3125- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 0093-3125-01- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (0093-3125-01)

43063- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- 43063-180- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 43063-180-06- 6 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (43063-180-06)

43063- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- 43063-473- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 43063-473-20- 20 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC (43063-473-20)

43063- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- 43063-473- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 43063-473-30- 30 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC (43063-473-30)

50090- A-S Medication Solutions
- 50090-0116- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 50090-0116-0- 28 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (50090-0116-0)

50090- A-S Medication Solutions
- 50090-0116- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 50090-0116-1- 40 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (50090-0116-1)

50090- A-S Medication Solutions
- 50090-0116- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 50090-0116-4- 20 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (50090-0116-4)

55289- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- 55289-592- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 55289-592-10- 10 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC (55289-592-10)

55289- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- 55289-592- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 55289-592-20- 20 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC (55289-592-20)

55289- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- 55289-592- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 55289-592-28- 28 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC (55289-592-28)

55289- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- 55289-592- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 55289-592-40- 40 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC (55289-592-40)

59651- Aurobindo Pharma Limited
- 59651-565- DICLOXACILLIN SODIUM
  - 59651-565-01- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (59651-565-01)

59651- Aurobindo Pharma Limited
- 59651-566- DICLOXACILLIN SODIUM
  - 59651-566-01- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (59651-566-01)

63629- Bryant Ranch Prepack
- 63629-4256- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 63629-4256-1- 20 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (63629-4256-1)

65862- Aurobindo Pharma Limited
- 65862-278-
  - 65862-278-37- 50 kg in 1 DRUM (65862-278-37)

76420- Asclemed USA, Inc.
- 76420-183- Dicloxacillin Sodium
  - 76420-183-20- 20 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (76420-183-20)

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Indications ⬇

Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Availability ⬆ ⬇

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

Action ⬆ ⬇

Classifications ⬆ ⬇

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Pronunciation ⬆ ⬇

Code ⬆