dextrose

Contraindicated in:

Hypersensitivity;
Clinically significant hyperglycemia;
Hypertonic solution (>5%) should not be given to patients with CNS bleeding or anuria or who are at risk of dehydration.

Use Cautiously in:

Diabetes (frequent lab assessment necessary to quantitate appropriate doses);
Chronic alcoholics or severely malnourished patients (administration requires initial pretreatment with thiamine);
Underlying CNS disease and renal impairment;
Postoperative patients (↑ risk of hyponatremia);
Pedi: Neonates (excess/rapid infusion of solutions >10% may ↑ risk of intracerebral hemorrhage);
Pedi: ↑risk of hyponatremia in children;
Geri: ↑risk of hyponatremia in older adults.

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

Endo: hyperglycemia, inappropriate insulin secretion (with long-term use)

F and E: fluid overload, hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia

GU: glycosuria

Local: local pain/irritation at IV site (hypertonic solution)

Misc: HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS (INCLUDING ANAPHYLAXIS)

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Drug-drug:

Will alter requirements for insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents in patients with diabetes.

Availability ⬆ ⬇

(Generic available)

Chewable tablets: 4 g ^OTC
Oral gel: 40%^OTC
Solution for injection: 5%; 10%; 20%; 40%; 50%; 60%; 70%
In combination with:
sodium chloride, other electrolytes, and amino acids.

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

Hydration (as 5% solution)

IV (Adults and Children ): 0.5–0.8 g/kg/hr.

Hypoglycemia

PO (Adults and Children ): Conscious patients: 10–20 g; may repeat in 10–20 min.
IV (Adults ): 20–50 mL of 50% solution infused slowly (3 mL/min).
IV (Infants >6 mo and Children): 0.5–1 g/kg/dose (maximum of 25 g/dose) (as 25% dextrose).
IV (Infants ≤6 mo and Neonates): 0.25–0.5 g/kg/dose (maximum of 25 g/dose) (as 25% dextrose).

US Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

glucose, ~~, Glutose,~~ Insta-glucose, Insulin Reaction

Action ⬆ ⬇

Provides calories.

Therapeutic effects:

Provision of calories.
Prevention and treatment of hypoglycemia.

Classifications ⬆ ⬇

Therapeutic Classification: caloric sources

Pharmacologic Classification: carbohydrates

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Absorption: Well absorbed following oral administration. IV administration results in complete bioavailability.

Distribution: Widely distributed and rapidly utilized.

Metabolism/Excretion: Metabolized to carbon dioxide and water. When renal threshold is exceeded, dextrose is excreted unchanged by the kidneys.

Half-Life: Unknown.

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

(effects on blood sugar in patients with diabetes)patients with diabetes

ROUTE	ONSET	PEAK	DURATION
PO	rapid	rapid	brief
IV	rapid	rapid	brief

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Explain the purpose and side effects of dextrose. Instruct them to take medication as directed. Do not share medication with others, even if they have similar symptoms; may be harmful. Advise patient to read Patient Information before starting.
Instruct patients with diabetes on the correct method for self-blood glucose monitoring.
Advise patient on when and how to administer dextrose products for hypoglycemia.
Advise patient to notify health care professional of all Rx or OTC medications, vitamins, or herbal products being taken and to consult with health care professional before taking other medications.
Rep: Advise women of reproductive potential to notify health care professional if pregnancy is planned or suspected or if breastfeeding.

Pronunciation ⬆ ⬇

Code ⬆

NDC Code

0264- B. Braun Medical Inc.
- 0264-1510- Dextrose
  - 0264-1510-31- 84 CONTAINER in 1 CASE (0264-1510-31) / 50 mL in 1 CONTAINER

0264- B. Braun Medical Inc.
- 0264-1510- Dextrose
  - 0264-1510-32- 64 CONTAINER in 1 CASE (0264-1510-32) / 100 mL in 1 CONTAINER

0264- B. Braun Medical Inc.
- 0264-1510- Dextrose
  - 0264-1510-36- 116 CONTAINER in 1 CASE (0264-1510-36) / 25 mL in 1 CONTAINER

0264- B. Braun Medical Inc.
- 0264-7387- Dextrose
  - 0264-7387-50- 4 CONTAINER in 1 CASE (0264-7387-50) / 2000 mL in 1 CONTAINER

0264- B. Braun Medical Inc.
- 0264-7510- DEXTROSE
  - 0264-7510-00- 12 CONTAINER in 1 CASE (0264-7510-00) / 1000 mL in 1 CONTAINER

0264- B. Braun Medical Inc.
- 0264-7510- DEXTROSE
  - 0264-7510-10- 24 CONTAINER in 1 CASE (0264-7510-10) / 500 mL in 1 CONTAINER

0264- B. Braun Medical Inc.
- 0264-7510- DEXTROSE
  - 0264-7510-20- 24 CONTAINER in 1 CASE (0264-7510-20) / 250 mL in 1 CONTAINER

0264- B. Braun Medical Inc.
- 0264-7520- DEXTROSE
  - 0264-7520-00- 12 CONTAINER in 1 CASE (0264-7520-00) / 1000 mL in 1 CONTAINER

0264- B. Braun Medical Inc.
- 0264-7520- DEXTROSE
  - 0264-7520-10- 24 CONTAINER in 1 CASE (0264-7520-10) / 500 mL in 1 CONTAINER

0264- B. Braun Medical Inc.
- 0264-7520- DEXTROSE
  - 0264-7520-20- 24 CONTAINER in 1 CASE (0264-7520-20) / 250 mL in 1 CONTAINER

0404- Henry Schein, Inc.
- 0404-9844- Infant Dextrose
  - 0404-9844-10- 1 SYRINGE in 1 BAG (0404-9844-10) / 10 mL in 1 SYRINGE

0990- ICU Medical Inc.
- 0990-7918- Dextrose
  - 0990-7918-19- 12 POUCH in 1 CASE (0990-7918-19) / 1 BAG in 1 POUCH / 500 mL in 1 BAG

0990- ICU Medical Inc.
- 0990-7935- Dextrose
  - 0990-7935-19- 12 POUCH in 1 CASE (0990-7935-19) / 1 BAG in 1 POUCH / 500 mL in 1 BAG

0990- ICU Medical Inc.
- 0990-7936- Dextrose
  - 0990-7936-19- 12 POUCH in 1 CASE (0990-7936-19) / 1 BAG in 1 POUCH / 500 mL in 1 BAG

0990- ICU Medical Inc.
- 0990-7937- Dextrose
  - 0990-7937-19- 12 POUCH in 1 CASE (0990-7937-19) / 1 BAG in 1 POUCH / 500 mL in 1 BAG

0990- ICU Medical Inc.
- 0990-8004- Dextrose
  - 0990-8004-15- 12 POUCH in 1 CASE (0990-8004-15) / 1 BAG in 1 POUCH / 500 mL in 1 BAG

51662- HF Acquisition Co LLC, DBA HealthFirst
- 51662-1215- DEXTROSE
  - 51662-1215-1- 50 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (51662-1215-1)

85268- Huaren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
- 85268-804- Dextrose 10%
  - 85268-804-03- 60 BAG in 1 CASE (85268-804-03) / 50 mL in 1 BAG (85268-804-02)

85268- Huaren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
- 85268-804- Dextrose 10%
  - 85268-804-05- 50 BAG in 1 CASE (85268-804-05) / 100 mL in 1 BAG (85268-804-04)

85268- Huaren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
- 85268-804- Dextrose 10%
  - 85268-804-07- 30 BAG in 1 CASE (85268-804-07) / 250 mL in 1 BAG (85268-804-06)

85268- Huaren Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
- 85268-804- Dextrose 10%
  - 85268-804-09- 20 BAG in 1 CASE (85268-804-09) / 500 mL in 1 BAG (85268-804-08)

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Indications ⬇

Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇