section name header

Information

Complementary Foods to Prioritize

Nutrient-dense complementary foods

Rich in nutrients important without too many calories: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish and seafood, unprocessed lean meats/skinless poultry, nuts and legumes

Potentially allergenic foods

Peanuts, egg, cow milk products, tree nuts, wheat, crustacean shellfish, fish, soy

Variety of foods from all food groups

Fruits, vegetables, grains, protein food (eg, meats, poultry, fish, legumes), dairy

Foods rich in iron and zinc

Meats and poultry, infant cereals (iron), legumes

Avoid foods and beverages with added sugars

Juice drinks, infant desserts, cereal bars, breakfast pastries

Limit foods and beverages higher in sodium

Toddler dinners, savory infant/toddler snacks

As weaning from human milk or infant formula, transition to a healthy dietary pattern (See Tab 18.)

Encourage dietary diversity, family foods

From American Academy of Pediatrics. Pediatric Nutrition. 9th ed. American Academy of Pediatrics; 2025.

A Shopping List Rich in Vitamins and Minerals

Parents and caregivers should be aware of the vitamin-rich complementary foods available when their infant is ready to eat solid foods.

Vitamin-Rich Foods

Vitamin A

Beef liver, sweet potatoes, carrots, cantaloupes, spinach, winter squash, tomatoes, peaches, butternut squash

Vitamin B1 (thiamin)

Black beans, green peas, fish, oatmeal, meat, whole wheat bread, cabbage, summer squash

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)

Beef liver, enriched cereal, yogurt, cottage cheese, meat, mushrooms, spinach

Vitamin B3 (niacin)

Enriched cereal, fish, lean meats, mushrooms, potatoes

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)

Potatoes, bananas, turkey breast, spinach, fish, navy beans, broccoli, squash, fortified grain products

Vitamin B9 (folate)

Spinach, asparagus, turnip greens, beets, oranges, cantaloupes, broccoli, legumes, summer squash, fortified grain products

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)

Chicken liver, fish, enriched cereal, meat, Swiss cheese, cottage cheese, yogurt, eggs

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

Cantaloupes, oranges, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, tomatoes, potatoes, cabbage

Vitamin D

Fish, enriched cereal, fortified yogurt, eggs

Vitamin E

Sunflower seed oil, wheat germ, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, corn oil, peanut butter, canola oil, avocado

Vitamin K

Kale, spinach, cabbage, salad greens, asparagus, soybeans, plantains, kiwi

Mineral-Rich Foods

Calcium

Cheese, plain yogurt, calcium-set tofu, turnip greens (cooked)

Iron

Fish, enriched cereal, beef liver, spinach, navy beans, Swiss chard, meat, black beans

Zinc

Fish, enriched cereal, meat, plain yogurt

Adapted from US Department of Agriculture. Infant Nutrition and Feeding: A Guide for Use in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). 2019. Accessed October 14, 2024. https://wicworks.fns.usda.gov/resources/infant-nutrition-and-feeding-guide.

A stylized plate with various fruits and vegetables including bananas, tomato, lemon, and leafy greens is set against a soft, abstract background with a fork beside it.