Using Concentrated Liquid

Most concentrated liquids contain 40 kcal/fl oz and when diluted 1:1, produce a formula that contains 20 kcal/fl oz. If a more concentrated final formula is desired using these products, use the upper part of Table C.1. For the few concentrated liquid products that contain 38 kcal/fl oz and normally produce a formula with 19 kcal/fl oz, more concentrated formulas can be made using the lower part of Table C.1.

Using Powder

Because of the variability of scoop sizes for different formulas from different manufacturers and the variability of household measures, no single set of recipes can be provided that is safe for all products. Some manufacturers provide recipes for their specific products on their websites. In the absence of such information, contact the manufacturer directly.

Increasing Caloric or Protein Density Using Additives

• Vegetable oils provide 40 kcal per teaspoon

• Microlipid water miscible safflower oil provides 22.5 kcal per teaspoon

• Medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil provides 7.7 kcal/mL and 38 kcal per teaspoon

• Liquigen water miscible MCT oil provides 4.5 kcal/per teaspoon

• Polycose liquid provides 10 kcal per teaspoon; Polycose powder provides 8 kcal per teaspoon

• Solucarb maltodextrin powder provides 7.7 kcal per teaspoon

• Duocal Powder contains cornstarch and vegetable oils and provides 14 kcal per teaspoon

• Beneprotein whey powder provides 6 g protein/25 kcal per enclosed scoop (7 g)

• Complete Amino Acid Mix powder provides 2.38 g protein and 9.5 kcal per teaspoon

• Benecalorie liquid provides 37.5 kcal and 0.8 g protein per teaspoon from high oleic sunflower oil and casein

Note that increasing caloric density using fat and/or carbohydrate should be performed with caution, because the additional energy (calories) effectively decreases the density (amount per 100 kcal) of all other nutrients.