Classification and Examples of Acid-Base Disorders According to Arterial Hydrogen Ion Concentration/pH and PCO2 (Figure 37.1)
Arterial hydrogen ion concentration (nmol/L) or pH | |||
---|---|---|---|
Arterial PCO2 (kPa) | [H+] >45 pH < 7.35 | 3545 7.357.45 | <35 >7.45 |
<4.7 | Metabolic acidosis with partial respiratory compensation or Metabolic acidosis plus respiratory alkalosis, for example:
| Respiratory alkalosis with metabolic compensation | Respiratory alkalosis or Respiratory alkalosis plus metabolic alkalosis, for example:
|
4.76.0 | Metabolic acidosis | Normal acid-base status | Metabolic alkalosis |
>6.0 | Respiratory acidosis or Respiratory acidosis plus metabolic acidosis, for example:
| Respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation, for example:
| Metabolic alkalosis plus respiratory acidosis, for example:
|
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.