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Topic Outline

Appropriate management of patients with acute perioperative pain using multimodal or balanced analgesia is crucial (Macres SM, Moore PG, Fishman SM. Acute pain management. In: Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK, Cahalan MK, Ortega R, Stock MC, eds. Clinical Anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013:1611–1644). Inadequate relief of postoperative pain has adverse physiologic effects that may contribute to significant morbidity and mortality, resulting in the delay of patient recovery and return to daily activities.


  1. Acute Pain Defined
  2. Anatomy of Acute Pain
  3. Pain Processing
  4. Chemical Mediators of Transduction and Transmission
  5. The Surgical Stress Response
  6. Preemptive Analgesia
  7. Strategies for Acute Pain Management
  8. Assessment of Acute Pain
  9. Opioid Analgesics
  10. Nonopioid Analgesic Adjuncts
  11. Methods of Analgesia
  12. Continuous Peripheral Nerve Blockade Caveats
  13. Complications from Regional Anesthesia
  14. Perioperative Pain Management of Opioid-Dependent Patients
  15. Organization of Perioperative Pain Management Services
  16. Special Considerations in the Perioperative Pain Management of Children