Information
- RECOMMENDED SCHEDULE FOR ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION OF HEALTHY INFANTS AND CHILDREN (see Table 5-2. Child Preventive Care Timeline ).
- ASSESSMENT: common side effects of immunizations (occur 24 to 48 hours after immunization except as noted):
- Soreness, redness, tenderness, or lump at injection site.
- Fever: brief, mild to moderate.
- Crankiness and fussiness; anorexia; drowsiness.
- Measlescoryza and rash 7 to 10 days after immunization.
- Rubellaarthralgia and arthritis-like symptoms 2 weeks after immunization.
- NURSING INTERVENTIONS/HOME CARE for infant or child who has been immunized:
Explain to parents the reason for each immunization and common side effects.- Suggest acetaminophen for fever or discomfort.
- Extra affection and closenesscuddling, soothing, rocking.
- Teach parents to notify physician of untoward, serious, or prolonged side effects.
- CONTRAINDICATIONS/PRECAUTIONS TO IMMUNIZATIONS
- Child who has a severe febrile illness (e.g., URI, gastroenteritis, or any fever).
- Child with alteration in skin integrity: rash, eczema.
- Child with alteration in immune system; steroids; chemotherapy, radiation therapy; human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (no live virus vaccine).
- Child with a known allergic reaction to previous immunization or substance in the immunization.
- Recent recipient of blood/blood products.
- CHILDHOOD COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (Table 5.19. Communicable Diseases of Childhood).Basic principles of care:
- Standard precautions to prevent communicability/infection.
Fever control with acetaminophen.
Extra fluids for hydration.- General home care procedures: comfort measures/supportive care.