Contraindicated in:
Use Cautiously in:
CV: tachycardia, chest pain, hypertension.
Derm: transdermal: burning at patch site, erythema, pruritus, cutaneous hypersensitivity, rash, sweating.
EENT: sinusitis.
gum: pharyngitis.
nasal spray: nasopharyngeal irritation, sneezing, watering eyes, change in smell, earache, epistaxis, eye irritation, hoarseness.
Endo: dysmenorrhea.
GI: abdominal pain, abnormal taste, constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, dyspepsia, hiccups, nausea, vomiting.
gum: belching, ↑ appetite, ↑ salivation, oral injury, sore mouth.
MS: arthralgia, back pain, myalgia.
gum: jaw muscle ache.
Neuro: paresthesia, headache, insomnia, abnormal dreams, dizziness, drowsiness, impaired concentration, nervousness, seizures, weakness.
Resp: Nasal spray: cough, dyspnea.
Drug-Drug:
(Generic available)
nicotine chewing gum: Nicorette
nicotine lozenge: Nicorette
nicotine nasal spray: Nicotrol NS
Nicotine Transdermal Patch: Habitrol, Nicoderm CQ
Absorption: Gum, lozenge: Slowly absorbed from buccal mucosa during chewing/sucking. Nasal spray: 53% absorbed from nasal mucosa. Transdermal: 70% of nicotine released from the system is absorbed through the skin.
Distribution: Enter breast milk.
Metabolism/Excretion: Mostly metabolized by the liver. Small amounts are metabolized by kidneys and lungs; 10–20% excreted unchanged by kidneys.
Half-life: 1–2 hr.
(plasma concentrations)
| ROUTE | ONSET | PEAK | DURATION |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gum | rapid | 15–30 min | unknown |
| Lozenge | unknown | unknown | unknown |
| Nasal spray | rapid | 4–15 min | unknown |
| Transdermal | rapid | 2–4 hr | unknown |
NDC Code*