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Indications ⬇

REMS


Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

CV: arrhythmias, bradycardia, CARDIOVASCULAR COLLAPSE, hypotension

Derm: pruritus

EENT: blurred vision, tinnitus

F and E: metabolic acidosis

GI: nausea, vomiting

GU: urinary retention

Hemat: methemoglobinemia

Neuro: anxiety, circumoral tingling/numbness, dizziness, dysgeusia, headache, irritability, SEIZURES, tremor

Misc: fever, allergic reactions

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Drug-drug:

Availability ⬆ ⬇

(Generic available)

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

US Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

Marcaine, Sensorcaine

Action ⬆ ⬇

  • Local anesthetics inhibit initiation and conduction of sensory nerve impulses by altering the influx of sodium and efflux of potassium in neurons, slowing or stopping pain transmission.
Therapeutic effects:
  • Decreased pain or induction of anesthesia; low doses have minimal effect on sensory or motor function; higher doses may produce complete motor blockade.

Classifications ⬆ ⬇

Therapeutic Classification: epidural local anesthetics, anesthetics (topical/local)

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Absorption: Systemic absorption follows epidural administration, but amount absorbed depends on dose.

Distribution: If systemic absorption occurs, this agent is widely distributed and crosses the placenta.

Metabolism/Excretion: Small amounts that may reach systemic circulation are mostly metabolized by the liver; 6% excreted unchanged in the urine.

Half-Life: 1.5–5 hr (after epidural use).

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

(analgesia)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
Epidural10–30 minUnknown2–8 hr‡

‡Duration of anesthetic block.

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Pronunciation ⬆ ⬇

byoo-PI-vi-kane

Code ⬆

NDC Code