Visual disturbances and blindness (H53-H54)
H53Visual disturbances
H53.0Amblyopia ex anopsia
Excludes 1: amblyopia due to vitamin A deficiency (E50.5)
H53.00Unspecified amblyopia
H53.001Unspecified amblyopia, right eye
H53.002Unspecified amblyopia, left eye
H53.003Unspecified amblyopia, bilateral
H53.009Unspecified amblyopia, unspecified eye
H53.01Deprivation amblyopia
H53.011Deprivation amblyopia, right eye
H53.012Deprivation amblyopia, left eye
H53.013Deprivation amblyopia, bilateral
H53.019Deprivation amblyopia, unspecified eye
H53.02Refractive amblyopia
H53.021Refractive amblyopia, right eye
H53.022Refractive amblyopia, left eye
H53.023Refractive amblyopia, bilateral
H53.029Refractive amblyopia, unspecified eye
H53.03Strabismic amblyopia
Excludes 1: strabismus (H50.-)
H53.031Strabismic amblyopia, right eye
H53.032Strabismic amblyopia, left eye
H53.033Strabismic amblyopia, bilateral
H53.039Strabismic amblyopia, unspecified eye
H53.04Amblyopia suspect
H53.041Amblyopia suspect, right eye
H53.042Amblyopia suspect, left eye
H53.043Amblyopia suspect, bilateral
H53.049Amblyopia suspect, unspecified eye
H53.1Subjective visual disturbances
Excludes 1: subjective visual disturbances due to vitamin A deficiency (E50.5)
› visual hallucinations (R44.1)
H53.10Unspecified subjective visual disturbances
H53.11Day blindness
› Hemeralopia
H53.12Transient visual loss
› Scintillating scotoma
Excludes 1: amaurosis fugax (G45.3-)
› transient retinal artery occlusion (H34.0-)
H53.121Transient visual loss, right eye
H53.122Transient visual loss, left eye
H53.123Transient visual loss, bilateral
H53.129Transient visual loss, unspecified eye
H53.13Sudden visual loss
H53.131Sudden visual loss, right eye
H53.132Sudden visual loss, left eye
H53.133Sudden visual loss, bilateral
H53.139Sudden visual loss, unspecified eye
H53.14Visual discomfort
› Asthenopia
› Photophobia
H53.141Visual discomfort, right eye
H53.142Visual discomfort, left eye
H53.143Visual discomfort, bilateral
H53.149Visual discomfort, unspecified
H53.15Visual distortions of shape and size
› Metamorphopsia
H53.16Psychophysical visual disturbances
H53.19Other subjective visual disturbances
› Visual halos
H53.2Diplopia
› Double vision
H53.3Other and unspecified disorders of binocular vision
H53.30Unspecified disorder of binocular vision
H53.31Abnormal retinal correspondence
H53.32Fusion with defective stereopsis
H53.33Simultaneous visual perception without fusion
H53.34Suppression of binocular vision
H53.4Visual field defects
H53.40Unspecified visual field defects
H53.41Scotoma involving central area
› Central scotoma
H53.411Scotoma involving central area, right eye
H53.412Scotoma involving central area, left eye
H53.413Scotoma involving central area, bilateral
H53.419Scotoma involving central area, unspecified eye
H53.42Scotoma of blind spot area
› Enlarged blind spot
H53.421Scotoma of blind spot area, right eye
H53.422Scotoma of blind spot area, left eye
H53.423Scotoma of blind spot area, bilateral
H53.429Scotoma of blind spot area, unspecified eye
H53.43Sector or arcuate defects
› Arcuate scotoma
› Bjerrum scotoma
H53.431Sector or arcuate defects, right eye
H53.432Sector or arcuate defects, left eye
H53.433Sector or arcuate defects, bilateral
H53.439Sector or arcuate defects, unspecified eye
H53.45Other localized visual field defect
› Peripheral visual field defect
› Ring scotoma NOS
› Scotoma NOS
H53.451Other localized visual field defect, right eye
H53.452Other localized visual field defect, left eye
H53.453Other localized visual field defect, bilateral
H53.459Other localized visual field defect, unspecified eye
H53.46Homonymous bilateral field defects
› Homonymous hemianopia
› Homonymous hemianopsia
› Quadrant anopia
› Quadrant anopsia
H53.461Homonymous bilateral field defects, right side
H53.462Homonymous bilateral field defects, left side
H53.469Homonymous bilateral field defects, unspecified side
› Homonymous bilateral field defects NOS
H53.47Heteronymous bilateral field defects
› Heteronymous hemianop(s)ia
H53.48Generalized contraction of visual field
H53.481Generalized contraction of visual field, right eye
H53.482Generalized contraction of visual field, left eye
H53.483Generalized contraction of visual field, bilateral
H53.489Generalized contraction of visual field, unspecified eye
H53.5Color vision deficiencies
› Color blindness
Excludes 2: day blindness (H53.11)
H53.50Unspecified color vision deficiencies
› Color blindness NOS
H53.51Achromatopsia
H53.52Acquired color vision deficiency
H53.53Deuteranomaly
› Deuteranopia
H53.54Protanomaly
› Protanopia
H53.55Tritanomaly
› Tritanopia
H53.59Other color vision deficiencies
H53.6Night blindness
Excludes 1: night blindness due to vitamin A deficiency (E50.5)
H53.60Unspecified night blindness
H53.61Abnormal dark adaptation curve
H53.62Acquired night blindness
H53.63Congenital night blindness
H53.69Other night blindness
H53.7Vision sensitivity deficiencies
H53.71Glare sensitivity
H53.72Impaired contrast sensitivity
H53.8Other visual disturbances
H53.9Unspecified visual disturbance
H54Blindness and low vision
For definition of visual impairment categories see table below
H54.0Blindness, both eyes
› Visual impairment categories 3, 4, 5 in both eyes.
H54.0XBlindness, both eyes, different category levels
H54.0X3Blindness right eye, category 3
H54.0X33Blindness right eye category 3, blindness left eye category 3
H54.0X34Blindness right eye category 3, blindness left eye category 4
H54.0X35Blindness right eye category 3, blindness left eye category 5
H54.0X4Blindness right eye, category 4
H54.0X43Blindness right eye category 4, blindness left eye category 3
H54.0X44Blindness right eye category 4, blindness left eye category 4
H54.0X45Blindness right eye category 4, blindness left eye category 5
H54.0X5Blindness right eye, category 5
H54.0X53Blindness right eye category 5, blindness left eye category 3
H54.0X54Blindness right eye category 5, blindness left eye category 4
H54.0X55Blindness right eye category 5, blindness left eye category 5
H54.1Blindness, one eye, low vision other eye
› Visual impairment categories 3, 4, 5 in one eye, with categories 1 or 2 in the other eye.
H54.10Blindness, one eye, low vision other eye, unspecified eyes
H54.11Blindness, right eye, low vision left eye
H54.113Blindness right eye category 3, low vision left eye
H54.1131Blindness right eye category 3, low vision left eye category 1
H54.1132Blindness right eye category 3, low vision left eye category 2
H54.114Blindness right eye category 4, low vision left eye
H54.1141Blindness right eye category 4, low vision left eye category 1
H54.1142Blindness right eye category 4, low vision left eye category 2
H54.115Blindness right eye category 5, low vision left eye
H54.1151Blindness right eye category 5, low vision left eye category 1
H54.1152Blindness right eye category 5, low vision left eye category 2
H54.12Blindness, left eye, low vision right eye
H54.121Low vision right eye category 1, blindness left eye
H54.1213Low vision right eye category 1, blindness left eye category 3
H54.1214Low vision right eye category 1, blindness left eye category 4
H54.1215Low vision right eye category 1, blindness left eye category 5
H54.122Low vision right eye category 2, blindness left eye
H54.1223Low vision right eye category 2, blindness left eye category 3
H54.1224Low vision right eye category 2, blindness left eye category 4
H54.1225Low vision right eye category 2, blindness left eye category 5
H54.2Low vision, both eyes
› Visual impairment categories 1 or 2 in both eyes.
H54.2XLow vision, both eyes, different category levels
H54.2X1Low vision, right eye, category 1
H54.2X11Low vision right eye category 1, low vision left eye category 1
H54.2X12Low vision right eye category 1, low vision left eye category 2
H54.2X2Low vision, right eye, category 2
H54.2X21Low vision right eye category 2, low vision left eye category 1
H54.2X22Low vision right eye category 2, low vision left eye category 2
H54.3Unqualified visual loss, both eyes
› Visual impairment category 9 in both eyes.
H54.4Blindness, one eye
› Visual impairment categories 3, 4, 5 in one eye [normal vision in other eye]
H54.40Blindness, one eye, unspecified eye
H54.41Blindness, right eye, normal vision left eye
H54.413Blindness, right eye, category 3
H54.413ABlindness right eye category 3, normal vision left eye
H54.414Blindness, right eye, category 4
H54.414ABlindness right eye category 4, normal vision left eye
H54.415Blindness, right eye, category 5
H54.415ABlindness right eye category 5, normal vision left eye
H54.42Blindness, left eye, normal vision right eye
H54.42ABlindness, left eye, category 3-5
H54.42A3Blindness left eye category 3, normal vision right eye
H54.42A4Blindness left eye category 4, normal vision right eye
H54.42A5Blindness left eye category 5, normal vision right eye
H54.5Low vision, one eye
› Visual impairment categories 1 or 2 in one eye [normal vision in other eye].
H54.50Low vision, one eye, unspecified eye
H54.51Low vision, right eye, normal vision left eye
H54.511Low vision, right eye, category 1
H54.511ALow vision right eye category 1, normal vision left eye
H54.512Low vision, right eye, category 2
H54.512ALow vision right eye category 2, normal vision left eye
H54.52Low vision, left eye, normal vision right eye
H54.52ALow vision, left eye, category 1-2
H54.52A1Low vision left eye category 1, normal vision right eye
H54.52A2Low vision left eye category 2, normal vision right eye
H54.6Unqualified visual loss, one eye
› Visual impairment category 9 in one eye [normal vision in other eye].
H54.60Unqualified visual loss, one eye, unspecified
H54.61Unqualified visual loss, right eye, normal vision left eye
H54.62Unqualified visual loss, left eye, normal vision right eye
H54.7Unspecified visual loss
› Visual impairment category 9 NOS
H54.8Legal blindness, as defined in USA
› Blindness NOS according to USA definition
Excludes 1: legal blindness with specification of impairment level (H54.0-H54.7)
The table below gives a classification of severity of visual impairment recommended by a WHO Study Group on the Prevention of Blindness, Geneva, 6-10 November 1972.
The term 'low vision' in category H54 comprises categories 1 and 2 of the table, the term 'blindness' categories 3, 4 and 5, and the term 'unqualified visual loss' category 9.
If the extent of the visual field is taken into account, patients with a field no greater than 10 but greater than 5 around central fixation should be placed in category 3 and patients with a field no greater than 5 around central fixation should be placed in category 4, even if the central acuity is not impaired.
Category of visual impairment
Visual acuity with best possible correction
Maximum less than:
Minimum equal to or better than:
1
6/18
6/60
3/10(0.3)
1/10(0.1)
20/70
20/200
2
6/60
3/60
1/10(0.1)
1/20(0.05)
20/200
20/400
3
3/60
1/60(finger counting at one meter)
1/20(0.05)
1/50(0.02)
20/400
5/300(20/1200)
4
1/60(finger counting at one meter)
Light perception
1/50(0.02)
5/300
5
No light perception
9
Undetermined or unspecified