The popularity of inhaled anesthetics for establishing general anesthesia is based on their ease of administration (via inhalation) and the ability to monitor their effects (clinical signs and end-tidal concentrations) (Fig. 17-1: Chemical structure of inhaled anesthetics) (Ebert TJ, Linderman L. Inhaled anesthetics. In: Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK, Cahalan MK, Ortega R, Stock MC, eds.Clinical Anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013:445–477). The most popular potent inhaled anesthetics used in adult surgical procedures are sevoflurane, desflurane, and isoflurane (see Fig. 17-1: Chemical structure of inhaled anesthetics). Sevoflurane is the most commonly used inhaled anesthetic for pediatric patients.