DDx ⬇
- Transient ischemic attack
- Ischemic stroke
- Intracerebral hemorrhage
- Subdural or epidural hematoma
- Space-occupying lesion, eg, brain tumor
- Seizure (Todd’s paralysis)
- Migraine
- Peripheral causes of vertigo, eg, Ménière’s disease
- Hypoglycemia
- Guillain-Barré syndrome
- Multiple sclerosis
- Aortic dissection
Related DDx ⬆ ⬇
Etiology ⬆
- Embolic: atrial fibrillation, carotid atherosclerosis, left ventricular aneurysm, dilated cardiomyopathy, acute myocardial infarction, endocarditis, mechanical valve, mitral valve prolapse, aortic arch atherosclerosis, atrial myxoma, patent foramen ovale
- Thrombotic: atherosclerosis, small vessel ischemia, vasculitis, eg, systemic lupus erythematosus, polycythemia, thrombocytosis, sickle cell disease, meningovascular syphilis, arterial dissection or aneurysm, eg, intracerebral carotid or vertebral
- Hemorrhagic: hypertension, amyloidosis, conversion of ischemic stroke, cocaine