con-i-VAP-tan

• To increase serum sodium in hospitalized patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia.

• Antagonizes vasopressin at V₂ receptor sites in renal collecting ducts, resulting in excretion of free water.

• Increased serum sodium concentrations.
• Improved fluid status.

Absorption: IV administration results in complete bioavailability.

Distribution: Unknown.

Protein Binding: 99% protein bound.

Metabolism/Excretion: Metabolized solely by the CYP3A4 enzyme system. 83% excreted in feces as metabolites, 12% in urine (as metabolites).

Half-life: 5 hr.

Contraindicated in:

• Hypersensitivity
• Hypovolemic hyponatremia
• Concurrent use of ketonconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, ritonavir, or indinavir
• Lactation: Avoid breast feeding.

Use Cautiously in:

• Moderate or severe hepatic impairment (↓ dose recommended)
• Severe renal impairment (not recommended if CCr <30 mL/min)
• OB: Safety not established
• Pedi: Safety and effectiveness not established.

CV: hypertension, hypotension.

GI: diarrhea.

GU: ↓fertility (females), polyuria.

F and E: dehydration, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia.

Local: infusion reactions.

Neuro: headache, confusion, insomnia.

Misc: fever, thirst.

Drug-Drug:

• Blood levels and effects are ↑ by ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, ritonavir, or indinavir; concurrent use is contraindicated.
• ↑blood levels and may ↑ effects of midazolam, simvastatin, lovastatin, amlodipine, and other drugs metabolized by CYP3A4; careful monitoring recommended.
• May ↑ digoxin levels.

• IV (Adults): 20 mg loading dose initially, followed by 20 mg/day as a continuous infusion for 2–4 days. May titrate conivaptan up to 40 mg/day as a continuous infusion if serum sodium is not rising at desired rate. Total duration of therapy should not exceed 4 days.

IV Administration:

• Administer IV through large veins and rotate infusion site every 24 hr to minimize risk of vascular irritation.

Loading Dose

• Intermittent Infusion:
  Diluent: Premixed containers require no further dilution.Concentration: 0.2 mg/mL.
• Rate: Administer over 30 min.

Continuous Infusion

• Continuous Infusion:
  Diluent: Premixed containers require no further dilution.Concentration: 0.2 mg/mL.
• Rate: Administer continuous infusion at a rate of 20 mg/24 hr. If patient requires 40 mg/24 hr continuous infusion, infuse 20 mg over 12 hr, followed by 20 mg over 12 hr.
• Additive Incompatibility: Do not admix with LR, furosemide, or combine with any other product in the same IV line or bag.

Vaprisol

Therapeutic Classification: electrolyte modifiers

Pharmacologic Classification: vasopressin antagonists

• Premixed infusion: 20 mg/100 mL D5W;

• Monitor injection site during administration. Frequently causes erythema, pain, swelling and phlebitis. May require discontinuation of therapy.
• Monitor vital signs frequently during therapy. Discontinue therapy if patient becomes hypovolemic and hypotensive. Therapy may be resumed at a reduced dose once patient is euvolemic and no longer hypotensive, if patient remains hyponatremic.
• Assess neurologic status during administration. Overly rapid rise in serum sodium may cause neurologic sequelae.

• Monitor serum sodium concentration frequently during therapy. If serum sodium rises at an undesirably rapid rate (>12 mEq/L/24 hr), discontinue administration of conivaptan. If serum sodium continues to rise, do not resume therapy. If hyponatremia persists or recurs (after discontinuation for rapid rise of serum sodium) and patient has no evidence of neurologic sequelae from rapid increase, conivaptan may be resumed at a reduced dose.
  • May cause hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hyponatremia.

• Deficient knowledge, Relate med (Patient/Family Teaching).

• Explain purpose of medication to patient.
• Instruct patient to notify health care professional if pain or redness occurs at infusion site.

• Restoration of normal fluid and electrolyte balance.

NDC Code^*

• 66220- Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • 66220-160- VAPRISOL DEXTROSE IN PLASTIC CONTAINER
    • 66220-160-10- 1 BAG in 1 BOX (66220-160-10) > 1 POUCH in 1 BAG > 100 mL in 1 POUCH