sye-kloe-FOS-fa-mide

• Alone or with other modalities in the management of:
  • Hodgkin’s disease,
  • Malignant lymphomas,
  • Multiple myeloma,
  • Leukemias,
  • Mycosis fungoides,
  • Neuroblastoma,
  • Ovarian carcinoma,
  • Breast carcinoma, and a variety of other tumors.
• Minimal change nephrotic syndrome in children.

Unlabeled Use:

• Severe active rheumatoid arthritis or granulomatosis with polyangiitis.

• Interferes with DNA replication and RNA transcription, ultimately disrupting protein synthesis (cell-cycle phase–nonspecific).

• Death of rapidly replicating cells, particularly malignant ones.
• Also has immunosuppressant action in smaller doses.

Absorption: Inactive parent drug is well absorbed from the GI tract. Converted to active drug by the liver.

Distribution: Widely distributed. Limited penetration of the blood-brain barrier. Crosses the placenta; enters breast milk.

Metabolism/Excretion: Converted to active drug by the liver; 30% eliminated unchanged by the kidneys.

Half-life: 4–6.5 hr.

Contraindicated in:

• Hypersensitivity
• OB: Pregnancy (may cause fetal harm)
• Lactation: Lactation.

Use Cautiously in:

• Active infections
• Bone marrow depression
• Other chronic debilitating illnesses
• Rep: Women of reproductive potential.

CV: MYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS, hypotension.

Derm: alopecia.

Endo: gonadal suppression, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).

GI: anorexia, nausea, vomiting.

GU: HEMORRHAGIC CYSTITIS, hematuria, ↓ fertility.

Hemat: LEUKOPENIA, thrombocytopenia, anemia.

Metab: hyperuricemia.

Resp: PULMONARY FIBROSIS.

Misc: secondary neoplasms.

Drug-Drug:

• Phenobarbital or rifampin may ↑ toxicity of cyclophosphamide.
• Concurrent allopurinol or thiazide diuretics may exaggerate bone marrow depression.
• May prolong neuromuscular blockade from succinylcholine.
• Cardiotoxicity may be additive with other cardiotoxic agents (e.g., cytarabine, daunorubicin, doxorubicin).
• May ↓ serum digoxin levels.
• Additive bone marrow depression with other antineoplastics or radiation therapy.
• May potentiate the effects of warfarin.
• May ↓ antibody response to live-virus vaccines and ↑ risk of adverse reactions.
• Prolongs the effects of cocaine.

• PO (Adults): 1–5 mg/kg/day.
• PO (Children): Induction — 2–8 mg/kg/day (60–250 mg/m²/day) in divided doses for 6 days or longer. Maintenance — 2–5 mg/kg (50–150 mg/m²/day) twice weekly.
• IV (Adults): 40–50 mg/kg in divided doses over 2–5 days or 10–15 mg/kg every 7–10 days or 3–5 mg/kg twice weekly or 1.5–3 mg/kg/day. Other regimens may use larger doses.
• IV (Children): Induction — 2–8 mg/kg/day (60–250 mg/m²/day) in divided doses for 6 days or longer. Total dose for 7 days may be given as a single weekly dose. Maintenance — 10–15 mg/kg every 7–10 days or 30 mg/kg every 3–4 wk.

• High Alert:Fatalities have occurred with chemotherapeutic agents. Before administering, clarify all ambiguous orders; double-check single, daily, and course-of-therapy dose limits; have second practitioner independently double-check original order, calculations, and infusion pump settings.
• Do not confuse cyclophosphamide with cyclosporine.
• PO: Administer in the morning. DNC: Swallow tablets whole; do not crush, break, or chew.

IV Administration:

• IV: Solution should be prepared in a biologic cabinet. Wear gloves, gown, and mask while handling medication. If powder or solution comes in contact with skin or mucosa, wash thoroughly with soap and water. Discard equipment in specially designated containers.
• IV Push: Reconstitution: Reconstitute each 100 mg with 5 mL of 0.9% NaCl. Swirl gently to dissolve. Do not reconstitute with sterile water for injection; results in a hypotonic solution not suitable for IV push. Concentration: 20 mg/mL. Administer reconstituted solution undiluted.
• Rate: Inject very slowly.
• Intermittent Infusion: Reconstitution: Reconstitute each 100 mg with 5 mL of 0.9% NaCl or sterile water for injection. Swirl gently to dissolve. Use solution reconstituted with sterile water for injection immediately; solution reconstituted with 0.9% NaCl may be stored at room temperature for 24 hr or if refrigerated for 6 days. Do not administer solutions that contain clear or yellow viscous liquid.
  Diluent: May be further diluted in up to 250 mL of D5W, D5/0.9% NaCl, or 0.45% NaClConcentration: minimum 2 mg/mL.
• Infuse very slowly. May reduce rate-dependent adverse reactions (facial swelling, headache, nasal congestion, scalp burning).Rate:
• Y-Site Compatibility:
  • acyclovir
  • alemtuzumab
  • alfentanil
  • allopurinol
  • amifostine
  • amikacin
  • aminocaproic acid
  • aminophylline
  • amiodarone
  • amphotericin B lipid complex
  • amphotericin B liposome
  • ampicillin/sulbactam
  • anidulafungin
  • argatroban
  • arsenic trioxide
  • atracurium
  • azithromycin
  • aztreonam
  • bivalirudin
  • bleomycin
  • bumetanide
  • buprenorphine
  • butorphanol
  • calcium chloride
  • calcium gluconate
  • carboplatin
  • carmustine
  • caspofungin
  • cefazolin
  • cefepime
  • cefotaxime
  • cefotetan
  • cefoxitin
  • ceftazidime
  • ceftriaxone
  • cefuroxime
  • chloramphenicol
  • chlorpromazine
  • ciprofloxacin
  • cisatracurium
  • cisplatin
  • cladribine
  • clindamycin
  • cyclosporine
  • cytarabine
  • dacarbazine
  • dactinomycin
  • daptomycin
  • daunorubicin hydrochloride
  • dexamethasone
  • dexmedetomidine
  • dexrazoxane
  • digoxin
  • diltiazem
  • diphenhydramine
  • dobutamine
  • docetaxel
  • dopamine
  • doxorubicin
  • doxorubicin liposome
  • doxycycline
  • droperidol
  • enalaprilat
  • ephedrine
  • epinephrine
  • epirubicin
  • ertapenem
  • erythromycin
  • esmolol
  • etoposide
  • etoposide phosphate
  • famotidine
  • fenoldopam
  • fentanyl
  • filgrastim
  • fluconazole
  • fludarabine
  • fluorouracil
  • foscarnet
  • fosphenytoin
  • furosemide
  • ganciclovir
  • gemcitabine
  • gentamicin
  • granisetron
  • haloperidol
  • heparin
  • hetastarch
  • hydralazine
  • hydrocortisone
  • hydromorphone
  • idarubicin
  • imipenem/cilastatin
  • insulin regular
  • irinotecan
  • isoproterenol
  • ketorolac
  • labetalol
  • leucovorin calcium
  • levofloxacin
  • lidocaine
  • linezolid
  • lorazepam
  • magnesium sulfate
  • mannitol
  • melphalan
  • meperidine
  • meropenem
  • mesna
  • methotrexate
  • methylprednisolone
  • metoclopramide
  • metoprolol
  • metronidazole
  • midazolam
  • milrinone
  • mitomycin
  • mitoxantrone
  • morphine
  • moxifloxacin
  • nafcillin
  • nalbuphine
  • naloxone
  • nicardipine
  • nitroglycerin
  • nitroprusside
  • norepinephrine
  • octreotide
  • ondansetron
  • oxacillin
  • oxaliplatin
  • oxytocin
  • paclitaxel
  • palonosetron
  • pamidronate
  • pancuronium
  • pantoprazole
  • pemetrexed
  • penicillin G
  • pentamidine
  • pentobarbital
  • phenobarbital
  • phentolamine
  • phenylephrine
  • piperacillin/tazobactam
  • potassium acetate
  • potassium chloride
  • potassium phosphate
  • procainamide
  • prochlorperazine
  • promethazine
  • propofol
  • propranolol
  • quinupristin/dalfopristin
  • remifentanil
  • rituximab
  • rocuronium
  • sargramostim
  • sodium acetate
  • sodium bicarbonate
  • sodium phosphate
  • succinylcholine
  • sufentanil
  • tacrolimus
  • theophylline
  • thiopental
  • thiotepa
  • tigecycline
  • tirofiban
  • tobramycin
  • topotecan
  • trastuzumab
  • trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
  • vancomycin
  • vasopressin
  • vecuronium
  • verapamil
  • vinblastine
  • vincristine
  • vinorelbine
  • voriconazole
  • zidovudine
  • zoledronic acid
• Y-Site Incompatibility:
  • amphotericin B deoxycholate
  • diazepam
  • gemtuzumab ozogamicin
  • phenytoin
.

Cytoxan

Procytox

Therapeutic Classification: antineoplastics, Immunosuppressant agents

Pharmacologic Classification: alkylating agents

(Generic available)

• Capsules: 25 mg; 50 mg;
• Lyophilized powder for injection: 200 mg/vial; 500 mg/vial; 1 g/vial; 2 g/vial;
• Solution for injection: 200 mg/mL;

(effects on blood counts)

• Monitor BP, pulse, respiratory rate, and temperature frequently during administration. Report significant changes.
• Monitor urinary output frequently during therapy. To reduce the risk of hemorrhagic cystitis and to promote excretion of uric acid, fluid intake should be at least 3000 mL/day for adults and 1000–2000 mL/day for children. May be administered with mesna. Alkalinization of the urine may be used to help prevent uric acid nephropathy.
• Monitor for bone marrow depression. Assess for bleeding (bleeding gums, bruising, petechiae, guaiac stools, urine, and emesis) and avoid IM injections and taking rectal temperatures if platelet count is low. Apply pressure to venipuncture sites for 10 min. Assess for signs of infection during neutropenia. Anemia may occur. Monitor for increased fatigue, dyspnea, and orthostatic hypotension.
• Assess nausea, vomiting, and appetite. Weigh weekly. Antiemetics may be given 30 min before administration of medication to minimize GI effects. Anorexia and weight loss can be minimized by feeding frequent light meals.
• Assess cardiac and respiratory status for dyspnea, rales/crackles, cough, weight gain, edema. Pulmonary toxicity may occur after prolonged therapy. Cardiotoxicity may occur early in therapy and is characterized by symptoms of HF.

• Monitor CBC with differential and platelet count before and periodically during therapy. The nadir of leukopenia occurs in 7–12 days (recovery in 17–21 days). Leukocytes should be maintained at 2500–4000/mm³. May also cause thrombocytopenia (nadir 10–15 days), and rarely causes anemia.
  • Monitor BUN, serum creatinine, and uric acid before and frequently during therapy to detect nephrotoxicity.
  • Monitor ALT, AST, LDH, and serum bilirubin before and frequently during therapy to detect hepatotoxicity.
  • Urinalysis should be evaluated before initiating therapy and frequently during therapy to detect hematuria or change in specific gravity indicative of SIADH.
  • May suppress positive reactions to skin tests for Candida, mumps, Trichophyton, and tuberculin purified-protein derivative (PPD). May also produce false-positive results in Papanicolaou smears.

• Risk for infection (Side Effects).
• Disturbed body image (Side Effects).

• Instruct patient to take dose in early morning. Emphasize need for adequate fluid intake for 72 hr after therapy. Patient should void frequently to decrease bladder irritation from metabolites excreted by the kidneys. Report hematuria immediately. If a dose is missed, contact health care professional. Advise caregivers to use gloves when handling capsules. If capsule opens, wash hands thoroughly.
• Instruct patient to notify health care professional promptly if fever; sore throat; signs of infection; lower back or side pain; difficult or painful urination; sores in the mouth or on the lips; yellow discoloration of skin or eyes; bleeding gums; bruising; petechiae; blood in urine, stool, or emesis; unusual swelling of ankles or legs; joint pain; shortness of breath; cough, palpitations, weight gain of more than 5 lb in 24 hr, dizziness, loss of consciousness or confusion occurs. Caution patient to avoid crowds and persons with known infections. Instruct patient to use soft toothbrush and electric razor and to avoid falls. Patient should also be cautioned not to drink alcoholic beverages or to take products containing aspirin or NSAIDs; may precipitate GI hemorrhage.
• Discuss with patient the possibility of hair loss. Explore methods of coping. May also cause darkening of skin and fingernails.
• Instruct patient not to receive any vaccinations without advice of health care professional.
• Rep: May be teratogenic. Advise females of reproductive potential use highly effective contraceptive measures for up to 1 yr after completion and to avoid breastfeeding. Advise males with female partners of reproductive potential to wear condoms during and for at least 4 mo after completion of therapy. Advise patient or notify health care professional if pregnancy is planned or suspected. Inform patient that this medication may cause sterility and menstrual irregularities or cessation of menses.

• Decrease in size or spread of malignant tumors.
• Improvement of hematologic status in patients with leukemia. Maintenance therapy is instituted if leukocyte count remains between 2500 and 4000/mm³ and if patient does not demonstrate serious side effects.
• Management of minimal change nephrotic syndrome in children.

NDC Code^*

• 0054- West-Ward Pharmaceuticals Corp.
  • 0054-0382- Cyclophosphamide
    • 0054-0382-25- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (0054-0382-25)

• 0054- West-Ward Pharmaceuticals Corp.
  • 0054-0383- Cyclophosphamide
    • 0054-0383-25- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (0054-0383-25)

• 0781- Sandoz Inc.
  • 0781-3233- Cyclophosphamide
    • 0781-3233-94- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (0781-3233-94) > 25 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

• 0781- Sandoz Inc.
  • 0781-3244- Cyclophosphamide
    • 0781-3244-94- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (0781-3244-94) > 50 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

• 0781- Sandoz Inc.
  • 0781-3255- Cyclophosphamide
    • 0781-3255-94- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (0781-3255-94) > 100 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-935- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 10019-935-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-935-01) > 25 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-935-25)

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-936- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 10019-936-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-936-01) > 50 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-936-50)

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-937- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 10019-937-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-937-01) > 100 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-937-10)

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-938- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 10019-938-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-938-01) > 25 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-938-25)

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-939- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 10019-939-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-939-01) > 50 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-939-50)

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-942- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 10019-942-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-942-01) > 100 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-942-10)

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-943- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 10019-943-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-943-01) > 25 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-943-25)

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-944- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 10019-944-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-944-01) > 50 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-944-50)

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-945- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 10019-945-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-945-01) > 100 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-945-10)

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-955- Cyclophosphamide
    • 10019-955-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-955-01) > 25 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-955-50)

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-956- Cyclophosphamide
    • 10019-956-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-956-01) > 50 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-956-16)

• 10019- Baxter Healthcare Corporation
  • 10019-957- Cyclophosphamide
    • 10019-957-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (10019-957-01) > 100 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (10019-957-11)

• 16714- NorthStar Rx LLC
  • 16714-857- Cyclophosphamide
    • 16714-857-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (16714-857-01) > 50 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

• 16714- NorthStar Rx LLC
  • 16714-858- Cyclophosphamide
    • 16714-858-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (16714-858-01) > 100 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

• 16714- NorthStar Rx LLC
  • 16714-859- Cyclophosphamide
    • 16714-859-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (16714-859-01) > 25 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

• 43975- Amerigen Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • 43975-307- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 43975-307-10- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (43975-307-10)

• 43975- Amerigen Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • 43975-308- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 43975-308-10- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (43975-308-10)

• 54879- STI Pharma LLC
  • 54879-021- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 54879-021-01- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (54879-021-01)

• 54879- STI Pharma LLC
  • 54879-022- CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
    • 54879-022-01- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (54879-022-01)

• 68001- BluePoint Laboratories
  • 68001-370- Cyclophosphamide
    • 68001-370-27- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (68001-370-27) > 25 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (68001-370-24)

• 68001- BluePoint Laboratories
  • 68001-371- Cyclophosphamide
    • 68001-371-32- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (68001-371-32) > 50 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (68001-371-33)

• 68001- BluePoint Laboratories
  • 68001-372- Cyclophosphamide
    • 68001-372-32- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (68001-372-32) > 100 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE (68001-372-33)

• 69097- Cipla USA Inc.
  • 69097-516- Cyclophosphamide
    • 69097-516-07- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (69097-516-07)

• 69097- Cipla USA Inc.
  • 69097-517- Cyclophosphamide
    • 69097-517-07- 100 CAPSULE in 1 BOTTLE (69097-517-07)

• 70121- Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC
  • 70121-1238- Cyclophosphamide
    • 70121-1238-1- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (70121-1238-1) > 25 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

• 70121- Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC
  • 70121-1239- Cyclophosphamide
    • 70121-1239-1- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (70121-1239-1) > 50 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

• 70121- Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC
  • 70121-1240- Cyclophosphamide
    • 70121-1240-1- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (70121-1240-1) > 100 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

• 72603- NorthStar RxLLC
  • 72603-104- Cyclophosphamide
    • 72603-104-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (72603-104-01) > 25 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

• 72603- NorthStar RxLLC
  • 72603-326- Cyclophosphamide
    • 72603-326-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (72603-326-01) > 50 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE

• 72603- NorthStar RxLLC
  • 72603-411- Cyclophosphamide
    • 72603-411-01- 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE in 1 CARTON (72603-411-01) > 100 mL in 1 VIAL, SINGLE-DOSE