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Pronunciation ⬇

al-oh-PURE-i-nole

Classifications ⬆ ⬇

Therapeutic Classification: antigout agents, antihyperuricemics

Pharmacologic Classification: xanthine oxidase inhibitors

Indications ⬆ ⬇

REMS

Action ⬆ ⬇

  • Inhibits the production of uric acid by inhibiting the action of xanthine oxidase.
Therapeutic effects:
  • Lowering of serum uric acid levels.

Pharmacokinetics ⬆ ⬇

Absorption: Well absorbed (80%) following oral administration.

Distribution: Widely distributed in tissue and breast milk.

Protein Binding: <1%.

Metabolism/Excretion: Metabolized to oxypurinol, an active compound with a long half-life. 12% excreted unchanged, 76% excreted as oxypurinol.

Half-Life: 1–3 hr (oxypurinol 18–30 hr).

Time/Action Profile ⬆ ⬇

(hypouricemic effect)

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
PO, IV1–2 days1–2 wk1–3 wk‡

‡Duration after discontinuation of allopurinol.

Contraind./Precautions ⬆ ⬇

Contraindicated in:

Use Cautiously in:

Adv. Reactions/Side Effects ⬆ ⬇

CV: bradycardia, flushing, heart failure (reported with IV administration), hypertension, hypotension

Derm: rash (discontinue drug at first sign of rash), DRUG REACTION WITH EOSINOPHILIA AND SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS (DRESS), STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME, TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS, urticaria

GI: diarrhea, hepatitis, nausea, vomiting

GU: hematuria, renal failure

Hemat: bone marrow depression

Neuro: drowsiness

Misc: HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS

Interactions ⬆ ⬇

Drug-drug:

Route/Dosage ⬆ ⬇

Gout

Renal Impairment

Secondary Hyperuricemia

Renal Impairment

Availability ⬆ ⬇

(Generic available)

Assessment ⬆ ⬇

Lab Test Considerations:

Implementation ⬆ ⬇

IV Administration:

Patient/Family Teaching ⬆ ⬇

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes ⬆ ⬇

US Brand Names ⬆ ⬇

Aloprim, Zyloprim

Code ⬆

NDC Code