DDx ⬇
- General anxiety or panic disorder
- Mania
- Other hypermetabolic state, eg, cancer, pheochromocytoma
- Exophthalmos due to other causes, eg, orbital tumor
- Atrial fibrillation due to other causes
- Acute psychiatric disorders (may falsely increase serum thyroxine)
- High estrogen states, eg, pregnancy (falsely increase serum thyroxine)
Related DDx ⬆ ⬇
Etiology ⬆
- Graves' disease
- Toxic multinodular goiter
- Toxic adenoma
- Subacute (de Quervain's) thyroiditis
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis (may have initial hyperthyroid phase)
- Exogenous thyroid hormone ingestion
- Postpartum thyroiditis
- Jod-Basedow phenomenon (in endemic or multinodular goiter, hyperthyroidism due to high iodine intake, eg, amiodarone, radiocontrast)
- Thyroiditis after radioiodine administration
- Amiodarone-induced thyroiditis
- Struma ovarii
- High hCG level: pregnancy, trophoblastic tumor, testicular malignancy
- Thyroid secreting hormone hypersecretion by pituitary tumor (rare)
- "Subclinical" hyperthyroidism: low thyroid secreting hormone, clinically euthyroid, normal T4, common in elderly (10%), risk of atrial fibrillation and osteoporosis