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Topic Outline

The liver is the largest internal organ and is the body's metabolic headquarters (Table 45-1: Hepatic Function in Health and Fig. 45-1: Basic structure of a liver lobule showing the cellular plates, the blood vessels, the bile-collecting system and the lymph flow system composed of the spaces of Disse, and the interlobular lymphatics) (Steadman RH, Braunfeld MY. The liver: surgery and anesthesia. In: Barash PG, Cullen BF, Stoelting RK, Cahalan MK, Ortega R, Stock MC, eds.Clinical Anesthesia. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013:1294–1325).


  1. Assessment of Hepatic Function
  2. Hepatobiliary Imaging
  3. Liver Biopsy
  4. Hepatic and Hepatobiliary Diseases
  5. Acute Liver Failure
  6. Acute Hepatitis
  7. Alcoholic Hepatitis
  8. Drug-Induced Liver Injury
  9. Pregnancy-Related Liver Diseases
  10. Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension
  11. Hemostasis
  12. Cardiac Manifestations
  13. Renal Dysfunction
  14. Pulmonary Complications
  15. Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE)
  16. Ascites
  17. Varices
  18. Chronic Cholestatic Disease
  19. Chronic Hepatocellular Disease
  20. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
  21. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  22. Preoperative Management
  23. Intraoperative Management
  24. Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Procedure
  25. Hepatic Resection
  26. Postoperative Liver Dysfunction