1. Abnormalities in liver studies occur in 3% to 5% of pregnancies
2. The most common causes are hyperemesis gravidarum, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, preeclampsia, preeclampsia complicated by hemolysis, low platelet count, and elevated liver enzymes (HELLP syndrome) and acute fatty liver of pregnancy (Table 45-5: Distinguishing Features of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregancy (ICP), Hellp Syndrome, and Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)).

The Liver: Surgery and Anesthesia

1. Assessment of Hepatic Function
2. Hepatobiliary Imaging
3. Liver Biopsy
4. Hepatic and Hepatobiliary Diseases
5. Acute Liver Failure
6. Acute Hepatitis
7. Alcoholic Hepatitis
8. Drug-Induced Liver Injury
9. Pregnancy-Related Liver Diseases
10. Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension
11. Hemostasis
12. Cardiac Manifestations
13. Renal Dysfunction
14. Pulmonary Complications
15. Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE)
16. Ascites
17. Varices
18. Chronic Cholestatic Disease
19. Chronic Hepatocellular Disease
20. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
21. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
22. Preoperative Management
23. Intraoperative Management
24. Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Procedure
25. Hepatic Resection
26. Postoperative Liver Dysfunction