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The most important intervention is to get the pts to stop smoking. Long-term survival is significantly better in those who stop smoking. Chemopreventive therapy with cis-retinoic acid (3 months of 1.5 [mg/kg]/d followed by 9 months of 0.5 [mg/kg]/d PO) may cause regression of leukoplakia but has no consistent effect on development of cancer.

For a more detailed discussion, see Vokes EE: Head and Neck Cancer, Chap. 106, p. 502, in HPIM-19.

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Section 6. Hematology and Oncology