Localized “bulge” of LV chamber due to infarcted myocardium. True aneurysms consist of scar tissue and do not rupture. However, complications include CHF, ventricular arrhythmias, and thrombus formation. Typically an aneurysm is confirmed by echocardiography or by left ventriculography. The presence of thrombus within the aneurysm, or a large aneurysmal segment due to anterior MI, warrants consideration of oral anticoagulation with warfarin for 3-6 months.

Pseudoaneurysm is a form of cardiac rupture contained by a local area of pericardium and organized thrombus; direct communication with the LV cavity is present; surgical repair usually necessary to prevent rupture.