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Sudden rising from a recumbent position or standing quietly is a precipitating circumstance. Cause of syncope in many elderly and incidence rises with age; polypharmacy with antihypertensive or antidepressant drugs often a contributor; physical deconditioning may also play a role. Also occurs with autonomic nervous system disorders, either peripheral (diabetes, nutritional, or amyloid polyneuropathy) or central (multiple system atrophy, Parkinson's disease). Some cases are idiopathic.

Outline

Section 3. Common Patient Presentations