Information ⬇
- Local pain: caused by injury to pain-sensitive structures that compress or irritate sensory nerve endings; pain located near the affected part of the back.
- Pain referred to the back: abdominal or pelvic origin; back pain unaffected by posture.
- Pain of spine origin: restricted to the back or referred to lower limbs or buttock. Diseases of upper lumbar spine refer pain to upper lumbar region, groin, or anterior thighs. Diseases of lower lumbar spine refer pain to buttocks, posterior thighs, calves, or feet.
- Radicular back pain: radiates from spine to leg in specific nerve root territory. Coughing, sneezing, lifting heavy objects, or straining may elicit pain.
- Pain associated with muscle spasm: diverse causes; accompanied by tense paraspinal muscles, dull or aching pain in the paraspinal region, and abnormal posture.
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