Human Herpesvirus (HHV) Types 6, 7, and 8

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Information ⬇

HHV-6 causes exanthem subitum (roseola infantum, a common childhood febrile illness with rash) and 10-20% of febrile seizures without rash in infancy.
- - In older age groups, HHV-6 has been associated with mononucleosis syndromes and (in immunocompromised hosts) encephalitis, pneumonitis, syncytial giant-cell hepatitis, and disseminated disease.
- - More than 80% of adults are seropositive for HHV-6.
HHV-7 is frequently acquired during childhood, and infections typically manifest as fever and seizures. The virus is commonly present in saliva.
HHV-8 infection in healthy children can present as fever and rash; in immunocompromised pts, primary infection may present as fever, splenomegaly, pancytopenia, and rapid-onset Kaposi's sarcoma.
- - HHV-8 is associated with Kaposi's sarcoma, body cavity-based lymphoma in AIDS pts, and multicentric Castleman's disease.
- - Unlike other herpesvirus infections, HHV-8 infection is much more common in some geographic areas (e.g., central and southern Africa) than in others (North America, Asia, northern Europe).
- - The virus appears to be sexually spread and may also be transmitted in saliva, by organ transplantation, and through IV drug use.

For a more detailed discussion, see Baden LR, Dolin R: Antiviral Chemotherapy, Excluding Antiretroviral Drugs, Chap. 215e; Corey L: Herpes Simplex Virus Infections, Chap. 216, p. 1175; Whitley RJ: Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections, Chap. 217, p. 1183; Kotton CN, Hirsch MS: Cytomegalovirus and Human Herpesvirus Types 6, 7, and 8, Chap. 219, p. 1190, in HPIM-19.

Outline ⬆

Section 7. Infectious Diseases

78. Infections Acquired in Health Care Facilities

79. Infections in the Immunocompromised Host

Infections in Cancer PTS

System-Specific Syndromes

Infections in Transplant Recipients

Immunizations in Immunosuppressed PTS

80. Infective Endocarditis

81. Intraabdominal Infections

Peritonitis

Intraabdominal Abscesses

82. Infectious Diarrheas

Noninflammatory Diarrhea

Inflammatory Diarrhea

83. Sexually Transmitted and Reproductive Tract Infections

Individual Pathogens

84. Infections of the Skin, Soft Tissues, Joints, and Bones

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

85. Pneumococcal Infections

86. Staphylococcal Infections

Infections Caused by Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci

87. Streptococcal/Enterococcal Infections, Diphtheria, and Infections Caused by Other Corynebacteria and Related Species

88. Meningococcal and Listerial Infections

89. Infections Caused by Haemophilus, Bordetella, Moraxella, and HACEK Group Organisms

90. Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Enteric Bacteria and Pseudomonas

91. Infections Caused by Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Cat-Scratch Disease (CSD)

92. Anaerobic Infections

93. Nocardiosis, Actinomycosis, and Whipple's Disease

Whipple's Disease

94. Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Infections

95. Lyme Disease and Other Nonsyphilitic Spirochetal Infections

96. Rickettsial Diseases

97. Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, Legionella Species, and Chlamydia Pneumoniae

Introduction

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

Legionella Species

Chlamydia Pneumoniae

98. Chlamydia Trachomatis and C. Psittaci

Introduction

Microbiology

C. Trachomatis Infections

C. Psittaci Infections

99. Herpesvirus Infections

100. Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus Infections

Cytomegalovirus

Diagnosis

Epstein-Barr Virus

101. Influenza and Other Viral Respiratory Diseases

102. Rubeola, Rubella, Mumps, and Parvovirus Infections

103. Enteroviral Infections

104. Insect- and Animal-Borne Viral Infections

Rabies

Infections Caused by Arthropod- and Rodent-Borne Viruses

Ebola and Marburg Virus Infections

105. HIV Infection and AIDS

106. Fungal Infections

107. Pneumocystis Infections

108. Protozoal Infections

Chagas Disease

Sleeping Sickness

Toxoplasmosis

109. Helminthic Infections and Ectoparasite Infestations

Helminths

Nematodes

Ectoparasites