Diagnosis in immunocompetent pts generally relies on detection of B19V-specific IgM antibodies, which can be detected coincident with the rash in erythema infectiosum or by day 3 of TAC.
- B19V-specific IgG is detectable by the seventh day of illness and persists for life.
- Detection of B19V DNA via quantitative PCR should be used to diagnose early TAC or chronic anemia. In acute infection, the viremia load can be >1012 B19V DNA IU/mL of serum; pts with TAC or chronic anemia generally have >105 B19V IU/mL.
Treatment: Parvovirus Infection - Treatment of B19V infection is generally supportive as no specific therapy exists. TAC should be treated with transfusions as needed.
- In pts receiving immunosuppressive agents, treatment should be reduced to the extent feasible to allow an immune response. IV immunoglobulin (400 mg/kg daily for 5-10 days) may cure or ameliorate persistent B19V infection in immunosuppressed pts.
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For a more detailed discussion, see Brown KE: Parvovirus Infections, Chap. 221, p. 1195; Rainwater-Lovett K, Moss WJ: Measles (Rubeola), Chap. 229, p. 1295; Zimmerman LA, Reef SE: Rubella (German Measles), Chap. 230e; and Rubin SA, Carbone KM: Mumps, Chap. 231e, in HPIM-19. |