Information ⬇
- Outpatient treatment:Amoxicillin (1 g PO q8h) is effective for virtually all cases of pneumococcal pneumonia. Fluoroquinolones (e.g., levofloxacin, 500-750 mg/d; or moxifloxacin, 400 mg/d) are also highly likely to be effective in the United States, although they are much more expensive than amoxicillin. Clindamycin and azithromycin are effective in 90% and 80% of cases, respectively.
- Inpatient treatment: For pts with noncritical illness, β-lactam antibiotics are recommended—e.g., penicillin (3-4 mU IV q4h) or ceftriaxone (1 g IV q12-24h). For pts with critical illness, vancomycin may be added, with its use reviewed once susceptibility data are available.
- Treatment duration: The optimal duration of treatment is uncertain, but continuation of antibiotics for at least 5 days after the pt becomes afebrile seems prudent.
Outline ⬆
Section 7. Infectious Diseases
- 78. Infections Acquired in Health Care Facilities
- 79. Infections in the Immunocompromised Host
- 80. Infective Endocarditis
- 81. Intraabdominal Infections
- 82. Infectious Diarrheas
- 83. Sexually Transmitted and Reproductive Tract Infections
- 84. Infections of the Skin, Soft Tissues, Joints, and Bones
- 85. Pneumococcal Infections
- 86. Staphylococcal Infections
- 87. Streptococcal/Enterococcal Infections, Diphtheria, and Infections Caused by Other Corynebacteria and Related Species
- 88. Meningococcal and Listerial Infections
- 89. Infections Caused by Haemophilus, Bordetella, Moraxella, and HACEK Group Organisms
- 90. Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Enteric Bacteria and Pseudomonas
- 91. Infections Caused by Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli
- 92. Anaerobic Infections
- 93. Nocardiosis, Actinomycosis, and Whipple's Disease
- 94. Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Infections
- 95. Lyme Disease and Other Nonsyphilitic Spirochetal Infections
- 96. Rickettsial Diseases
- 97. Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, Legionella Species, and Chlamydia Pneumoniae
- 98. Chlamydia Trachomatis and C. Psittaci
- 99. Herpesvirus Infections
- 100. Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr Virus Infections
- 101. Influenza and Other Viral Respiratory Diseases
- 102. Rubeola, Rubella, Mumps, and Parvovirus Infections
- 103. Enteroviral Infections
- 104. Insect- and Animal-Borne Viral Infections
- 105. HIV Infection and AIDS
- 106. Fungal Infections
- 107. Pneumocystis Infections
- 108. Protozoal Infections
- 109. Helminthic Infections and Ectoparasite Infestations